Neurol. pro Praxi, 2007; 3: 149-151

MRI mozgu v diagnostike Creutzfeldtovej-Jakobovej choroby

MUDr. Gábor G. Kovács, PhD.
Národný ústav psychiatrie a neurológie, Budapešť

Prionové choroby, alebo prenosné spongioformné encefalopatie človeka sú progresívne, fatálne ochorenia, charakterizované neurologickými aj psychiatrickými príznakmi. Najčastejším prionovým ochorením  človeka je Creutzfeldtova-Jakobova choroba (CJch). Abnormality MRI pri sporadickej forme CJch sa prejavujú hyperintenzitou signálu v oblasti putamen a  caput nuclei caudati (v porovnaní ku talamu a mozgovej kôre) na T2-váženom obraze a protón denzitne váženom obraze sekvencií MR. Opísané zmeny signálu v putamen a v nc. caudatus sú obvykle symetrické. Najnovšie údaje upozorňujú na vysokú senzitivitu  difúzne váženého obrazu. Charakteristické rozmiestnenie symetrickej hyperintenzity v pulvinar thalami na MRI sa ukazuje ako typické pre nový variant CJch (vCJch). Táto typická zmena sa nazýva pulvinarový príznak. Prospektívna analýza dokumentuje pulvinarový príznak u 90 % pacientov s diagnózou vCJch. Zmeny MRI nálezu boli zaznamenané u mnohých pacientov postihnutých CJch a charakteristická distribúcia týchto zmien umožňuje presnú rádiologickú diagnostiku aj s rozlíšením jednotlivých subtypov ochorenia. Zavedenie jednotného zobrazovacieho protokolu a zvýšená pozornosť zameraná na opísané charakteristické zmeny, môžu výrazne prispieť ku včasnému rozpoznaniu CJch.

Keywords: Creutzfeldtova-Jakobova choroba, včasná diagnostika, magnetická rezonancia

Published: August 1, 2007  Show citation

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Kovács GG. MRI mozgu v diagnostike Creutzfeldtovej-Jakobovej choroby. Neurol. praxi. 2007;8(3):149-151.
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