Neurol. praxi. 2026;27(1):22-26 | DOI: 10.36290/neu.2025.032

Laboratory biomarkers of multiple sclerosis

MUDr. Kamila Žondra Revendová, Ph.D.^{1, 2}, MUDr. Ing. David Zeman, Ph.D.^{3, 4}, MUDr. Radovan Bunganič^{1, 2}, MUDr. Kryštof Damián Švub¹, MUDr. Ondřej Pelíšek^{2, 5}, doc. RNDr. Pavlína Kušnierová, Ph.D.^{3, 4}

¹ Neurologická klinika, Fakultní nemocnice Ostrava, Ostrava

² Katedra klinických neurověd, Lékařská fakulta Ostravské univerzity, Ostrava

³ Ústav laboratorní medicíny, Oddělení klinické biochemie, Fakultní nemocnice Ostrava, Ostrava

⁴ Ústav laboratorní medicíny, Lékařská fakulta, Ostravská univerzita, Ostrava

⁵ Neurologické oddělení, Nemocnice Agel Nový Jičín, a. s.

Laboratory biomarkers play a crucial role in the diagnosis, prediction, and monitoring of treatment efficacy in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Their use enables better individualization of therapy, increasing the chances of slowing disease progression and improving patients' quality of life. The most important diagnostic laboratory biomarkers in MS are oligoclonal IgG bands and free kappa light chains, while neurofilament light chains are essential for disease prediction and monitoring treatment efficacy. Research in this area is continuously evolving with the aim of discovering new indicators that further improve diagnostic accuracy and enable more detailed monitoring of disease progression.

Keywords: laboratory biomarkers, multiple sclerosis, oligoclonal IgG bands, free light chains, neurofilament light chains.

Received: February 24, 2025; Revised: March 31, 2025; Accepted: April 1, 2025; Prepublished online: April 1, 2025; Published: March 11, 2026  Show citation