Neurol. praxi. 2020;21(6):485-490 | DOI: 10.36290/neu.2020.108

The most significant side effects of non-opioid analgesics and their pharmacological mechanisms

PharmDr. Bc. Hana Kotolová, Ph.D.1, MUDr. Jana Nováková, Ph.D.2
1 Ústav farmakologie a toxikologie, Farmaceutická fakulta, Masarykova univerzita, Brno
2 Farmakologický ústav, Lékařská fakulta, Masarykova univerzita, Brno

Analgesics belong to the most commonly prescribed drugs. Non-opioid analgesics are drugs of various chemical origin that have analgesic, antipyretic and some of them also have anti-inflammatory and antiaggregation effect. They can be divided into analgesics - antipyretics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Inhibition of cyclooxygenase and thus influencing the formation of eicosanoids is a common mechanism of action, especially in nonsteroidal antiphlogistics. Both desirable therapeutic effects and side effects are associated with the influencing of eicosanoid production.

Keywords: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, cyclooxygenase, side effects.

Received: September 23, 2020; Revised: October 30, 2020; Accepted: October 30, 2020; Prepublished online: October 30, 2020; Published: January 6, 2021  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Kotolová H, Nováková J. The most significant side effects of non-opioid analgesics and their pharmacological mechanisms. Neurol. praxi. 2020;21(6):485-490. doi: 10.36290/neu.2020.108.
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. American Geriatrics Society Beers Criteria® Update Expert Panel. American Geriatrics Society 2019 Updated AGS Beers Criteria® for Potentially Inappropriate Medication Use in Older Adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 2019; 67(4): 674-694. doi: 10.1111/jgs.15767. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    2. Breyer MD, Breyer RM. Prostaglandin receptors: their role in regulating renal function. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2000; 9(1): 23-29. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    3. Brzozowski T, Konturek PC, Konturek SJ, Brzozowska I, Pawlik T. Role of prostaglandins in gastroprotection and gastric adaptation. J Physiol Pharmacol 2005; 56(Suppl 5): 33-55. Go to PubMed...
    4. Castellsague J, Riera-Guardia N, Calingaert B, Varas-Lorenzo C, Fourrier-Reglat A, Nicotra F, Sturkenboom M, Perez-Gutthann S, Safety of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (SOS) Project (2012). Individual NSAIDs and upper gastrointestinal complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies (the SOS project). Drug Saf 2012; 35(12): 1127-1146. Go to original source...
    5. Fialová D, Laffon B, Marinković V, Tasić L, Doro P, Sόos G, Mota J, Dogan S, Brkić J, Teixeira JP, Valdiglesias V, Costa S; EUROAGEISM H2020 project and WG1b group "Healthy clinical strategies for healthy aging" of the EU COST Action IS 1402. Medication use in older patients and age-blind approach: narrative literature review (insufficient evidence on the efficacy and safety of drugs in older age, frequent use of PIMs and polypharmacy, and underuse of highly beneficial nonpharmacological strategies). Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2019; 75: 451-466. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    6. Fokunang CN, Fokunang ET, Frederick K, Ngameni B, Ngadjui B. Overview of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids) in resource limited countries. MOJ Toxicol. 2018; 4(1): 5-13. Go to original source...
    7. Hynie S. Speciální farmakologie díl 2, Autakoidy a látky ovlivňující bolest. Karolinum 1998. ISBN 80-7184-717-8.
    8. Jenkins C, Costello J, Hodge L. Systematic review of prevalence of aspirin induced asthma and its implications for clinical practice. Brit Med J 2004; 328: 434. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    9. Nežádal T. Nesteroidní antirevmatika v léčbě akutní bolesti z pohledu neurologa. Med. praxi 2017; 14 (3): 142-146. Go to original source...
    10. Newman O, Agyare Ch, Obiri DD, Antwi AO. Mechanism of action of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [online] 2017 [cit. 2020-08-27]. Dostupné z: https://www.intechopen.com.
    11. Rao P, Knaus EE. Evolution of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibition and beyond. J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2008;11(2):81s-110s. Published 2008 Sep 20. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    12. SPC jednotlivých přípravků - http://www.sukl.cz/modules/medication/search.php 3. 9. 2020
    13. Suchý D. Nimesulid v léčbě akutní bolesti. Remedia 2015; 16(1): 20.
    14. Szczeklik A. Aspirin-induced asthma: a tribute to John Vane as a source of inspiration. Pharmacol Rep 2010; 62(3): 526-529. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    15. Szeto CC, Sugano K, Wang JG, Fujimoto K, Whittle S, Modi GK, Chen CH, Park JB, Tam LS, Vareesangthip K, Tsoi KKF, Chan FKL. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) therapy in patients with hypertension, cardiovascular, renal or gastrointestinal comorbidities: joint APAGE/APLAR/APSDE/APSH/APSN/PoA recommendations. Gut 2020; 69(4): 617-629. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    16. Vane J. Inhibition of Prostaglandin Synthesis as a Mechanism of Action for Aspirin-like Drugs. Nature New Biology 1971; 231, 232, 235. Go to original source...
    17. Vane JR, Botting RM. Mechanism of Action of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs, The American Journal of Medicine, 1998; 104(3): Suppl. 1: 2S-8S. ISSN 0002-9343. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    18. Varga Z, Sabzwari SRA, Vargova V. Cardiovascular Risk of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: An Under-Recognized Public Health Issue. Cureus 2017; 9(4): e1144. Published 2017 Apr 8. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    19. Votava M. Analgetika. In Švihovec J. Farmakologie, Grada 2018, ISBN: 978-80-247-5558-8.

    Return to the content


    Neurology for Practice

    Madam, Sir,
    please be aware that the website on which you intend to enter, not the general public because it contains technical information about medicines, including advertisements relating to medicinal products. This information and communication professionals are solely under §2 of the Act n.40/1995 Coll. Is active persons authorized to prescribe or supply (hereinafter expert).
    Take note that if you are not an expert, you run the risk of danger to their health or the health of other persons, if you the obtained information improperly understood or interpreted, and especially advertising which may be part of this site, or whether you used it for self-diagnosis or medical treatment, whether in relation to each other in person or in relation to others.

    I declare:

    1. that I have met the above instruction
    2. I'm an expert within the meaning of the Act n.40/1995 Coll. the regulation of advertising, as amended, and I am aware of the risks that would be a person other than the expert input to these sites exhibited

    No
    Yes

    If your statement is not true, please be aware
    that brings the risk of danger to their health or the health of others.