Neurol. praxi. 2024;25(4):267-273 | DOI: 10.36290/neu.2024.027

Update in diagnostic pathology of pituitary tumors - clinical and pathological perspective

MUDr. Jiří Soukup, Ph.D.1, 2, 3, MUDr. Mikuláš Kosák4, prof. MUDr. David Netuka, Ph.D.5, doc. MUDr. Filip Gabalec, Ph.D.6
1 Oddělení patologie, Ústřední vojenská nemocnice - Vojenská fakultní nemocnice Praha
2 Fingerlandův ústav patologie, Fakultní nemocnice Hradec Králové a Lékařská fakulta v Hradci Králové, Univerzita Karlova v Praze
3 Ústav patologie 1. lékařské fakulty Univerzity Karlovy a Všeobecné fakultní nemocnice, Praha
4 Interní klinika 1. LF UK a ÚVN, Ústřední vojenská nemocnice a Vojenská fakultní nemocnice Praha
5 Neurochirurgická a neuroonkologická klinika 1. LF UK a ÚVN v Praze
6 4. interní hematologická klinika, Fakultní nemocnice Hradec Králové a Lékařská fakulta v Hradci Králové, Univerzita Karlova v Praze

Pituitary tumors are common intracranial tumors in adults. Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs, formerly adenomas) represent a vast majority of pituitary lesions. These tumors can be classified according to the lineage of differentiation in tumor cells that corresponds to cellular subpopulations of normal pituitary. These cell lineages are determined by one or more transcription factors (Pit1, Tpit, SF1 and GATA3) that also regulate hormonal production in both normal pituitary cells and their neoplastic counterparts. This review article summarizes briefly current approach in histopathological diagnosis of PitNETs according to the latest WHO classification. Furthermore, rarer entities, including pituictyomas and craniopharyngiomas are discussed, as well as secondary tumors of sellar region.

Keywords: PitNETs, Pit1, Tpit, SF1, GATA3, pituicytoma, craniopharyngioma.

Received: January 19, 2024; Revised: April 16, 2024; Accepted: April 17, 2024; Prepublished online: April 17, 2024; Published: September 10, 2024  Show citation

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Soukup J, Kosák M, Netuka D, Gabalec F. Update in diagnostic pathology of pituitary tumors - clinical and pathological perspective. Neurol. praxi. 2024;25(4):267-273. doi: 10.36290/neu.2024.027.
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